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安装之前

版本：2022.1 及更高版本

本文介绍在为自己或组织中的其他人安装 Tableau Desktop 或 Tableau Prep Builder 之前需要了解的常见信息。要安装 Tableau Desktop 或 Tableau Prep Builder，您需要购买（链接在新窗口中打开）创作者许可证。此许可证包括： Tableau Desktop Tableau Prep Builder 一个适用于 Tableau Server 或 Tableau Online 的创建者许可证

重要：请勿在运行 Tableau Server 的同一台计算机上安装 Tableau Prep Builder。

购买订阅时，您会收到一封欢迎电子邮件，其中提供了下载和安装软件所需的信息。一个创建者许可证可同时激活 Tableau Desktop 和 Tableau Prep Builder。如果您所在的环境中使用 Tableau Online 或 Tableau Server，并且使用了基于登录名的许可证管理，则无需许可证。有关详细信息，请参阅基于登录名的许可证管理（链接在新窗口中打开）.

如果您正在寻找一个免费版本的 Tableau，以便将可视化效果发布到 Tableau Public，然后通过社交媒体共享它们或将其嵌入网站或博客中，请尝试Tableau 桌面公共版（链接在新窗口中打开）.

有关可用的不同许可证类型的详细信息，请参阅基于用户的许可证（链接在新窗口中打开）在 Tableau Server 帮助中。

系统要求

适用于	要求	描述
Tableau Desktop 和 Tableau Prep Builder	计算机：	您可以在 Windows 计算机或 Mac 计算机上安装 Tableau Desktop 或 Tableau Prep Builder。要部署 Tableau Desktop 的所有计算机都必须满足最低硬件要求。有关信息，请参阅技术规格（链接在新窗口中打开）页。注意：建议您在与 Tableau Desktop 相同的计算机上安装 Tableau Prep Builder。
Tableau Desktop	最低操作和系统要求	CPU 必须支持 SSE4.2 和 POPCNT 指令集。视窗：微软视窗 8 至 10 （x64） 2 GB 内存 1.5 GB 最小可用磁盘空间 MacOS：罗塞塔 2 仿真模式下的 Apple Silicon M1 处理器。 macOS 10.14 Mojave to 11.4 and 11.6 Big Sur. 英特尔处理器 1.5 GB 最小可用磁盘空间
Tableau Prep Builder	最低操作和系统要求	CPU 必须支持 SSE4.2 和 POPCNT 指令集。视窗：微软视窗 8 至 10 （x64）英特尔酷睿i3或AMD锐龙3（双核） 4GB memory or larger 2GB HDD free or larger MacOS: Apple Silicon M1 processors under Rosetta 2 emulation mode. macOS 10.14 Mojave to 11.4 and 11.6 Big Sur Intel processors - Core i3 (Dual Core) or newer 4GB memory or larger 2GB HDD free or larger
Tableau Desktop and Tableau Prep Builder	Drivers:	Some drivers are automatically installed for you when you install Tableau Desktop or Tableau Prep Builder. However, some connections might require you to download and install drivers before you can connect to your data. See Database drivers for a list of drivers that are automatically installed. Tableau Prep Builder can only use 64-bit drivers (unlike Tableau Desktop, which can use 32-bit drivers). If you already have drivers installed, but they are 32-bit, you need to install the 64-bit Tableau Desktop drivers to use with Tableau Prep Builder. See the Drivers Download(Link opens in a new window) page on the Tableau website to get driver download links and installation instructions.
Tableau Prep Builder	Secure Socket Layer (SSL) encryption certificate configuration (optional)	To connect to a server that uses SSL, you will need to make sure that the required root certificate is installed on the computer where Tableau Prep Builder is installed. Work with your IT Department or System Administrator to complete these steps. For information about how to configure Tableau Server to use SSL encryption, see Configure External SSL(Link opens in a new window). Windows Verify that the SSL Certificate Chain File is configured in Tableau Server. Copy the certificate file (.crt) to the computer running Tableau Prep Builder. Double-click the certificate file, click Install Certificate, and then click Next. Select Place all certificates in the following store. Browse to select Trusted Root Certification Authorities and then click OK > Next > Finish. Wait for the certificate to finish importing, then click OK. Verify that there are no duplicate certificates for Tableau Server CA in the Windows certificate store. From the Start menu, type , then open Manage computer certificates.`certmgr` Navigate to Trusted Root Certification Authorities> Certificates. If there are duplicate certificates for Tableau Server, open each one and check the Serial number on the Details tab. Delete all the Tableau Server certificates with serial numbers that don't match the correct Tableau Server certificate. Follow steps 3 and 4 for any duplicate Tableau Server certificates in Intermediate Certification Authorities > Certificates. Mac Verify that the SSL Certificate Chain File is configured in Tableau Server. Add the root certificate to your computer's keychain to ensure that the certificate authority is trusted by your computer. For more information, see Add certificates to a keychain using Keychain Access on Mac(Link opens in a new window) in the Apple Support site. Disclaimer: Although we make every effort to ensure links to external websites are accurate, up to date, and relevant, Tableau cannot take responsibility for the accuracy or freshness of pages maintained by external providers. Contact the external site for answers to questions regarding its content.

Network access

Tableau requires internet access for using maps and to perform a license check. Installing Tableau on a computer therefore also means making sure the firewall settings on that computer as well as on your organization's network are configured to allow this internet access. Your network administrator might need to configure firewall and proxy settings. For details, see Internet Access Requirements.

Compatibility with Tableau Server and Tableau Online

You can run into file compatibility issues when you try to share files between different versions of Tableau Desktop and between Tableau Desktop and Tableau Server and Tableau Online. Make sure that the version of Tableau Desktop you're installing and subsequent updates are compatible with the version of Tableau Server being used.

For the complete story on compatibility between versions of Tableau Desktop and with Tableau Server or Tableau Online, see the Version Compatibility with Tableau Server or Version Compatibility with Tableau Online in this guide.

Database drivers

Tableau uses connectors to connect to different databases, and some connectors require drivers to talk to these databases. When it comes to drivers, the easiest approach is to install Tableau and then try connecting to the data. Tableau installs some drivers by default (details below), and some data sources don't require a driver.

Tableau Prep Builder requires a specific driver to connect to an Oracle database. To download the correct driver, on the Driver Download(Link opens in a new window) page, scroll to the bottom of the page and locate the driver for Tableau Prep Builder: to install it.

Important: Tableau Prep Builder is only available in 64-bit. If you already have 32-bit drivers installed, you'll need to install the 64-bit version of those drivers to connect to your data with Tableau Prep Builder.

If you do need to install a driver for your connection, Tableau lets you know the first time you try to connect by displaying a dialog like the following:

If this error appears, click the Download Driver button to go to the Driver Download(Link opens in a new window) page on the Tableau website. Follow the instructions for your connector to get the driver you need.

For more information about the different connectors that Tableau Desktop supports, see Connector Examples(Link opens in a new window) in the help.

Database drivers installed with Tableau Desktop and Tableau Prep Builder

When you install Tableau Desktop or Tableau Prep Builder, drivers for the following data source types are automatically installed:

Windows

Microsoft SQL Server
PostgreSQL

Mac

PostgreSQL

If you prefer not to install drivers, you can clear the check box for the drivers during install on the Customize pane in the installer user interface or from the command line by setting the specific driver property to "0". For more information about setting installer properties from the command line, see Installer properties.

License Management

If you're responsible for deploying or managing Tableau Desktop installations in your organization, it's best practice to manage and track product keys. Tableau provides various tools to help you track and manage licensing and usage in your organization. Depending on whether you are using product keys or login-based license management, you'll want to choose the appropriate tool.

You can use the Tableau Customer Portal and Tableau Desktop license reporting option (Tableau Desktop only) to manage licenses if you're using product keys to activate Tableau Desktop.

If you're in an environment where Login-based license management is used to activate Tableau Desktop or Tableau Prep Builder, you can use the Tableau Server Administrative Report for login-based license management to track Tableau Desktop or Tableau Prep Builder usage.

For more information about managing licenses see Manage Tableau Desktop License Usage(Link opens in a new window).

Update management (Tableau Desktop only)

By default, Tableau Desktop installs dot (maintenance) releases when they become available.

If you want to have more control over which version of Tableau Desktop is installed for users, you can turn off the product update feature for your users. You can also control which version of Tableau Desktop your users can update to.

You can turn product updates off for each Tableau Desktop during the installation process from the customization page on the installer (Windows) or by including a command-line option. This also turns off the Check for Product Updates feature, which allows users to check for and install the most recent Tableau Desktop maintenance updates to their computer at any time. If Tableau Desktop is already installed, you can deploy a registry (or .plist for Mac) update to existing Tableau Desktop clients to manage updates.

For more information about how to control product updates for your users, see Control Product Updates for Tableau Desktop.

文件恢复管理

如果发生崩溃，Tableau Desktop 和 Tableau Prep Builder 会自动创建并保存正在进行的工作的恢复版本。

Tableau Desktop 每隔几分钟就会自动保存用户的工作簿。并将工作簿的恢复版本保存在与原始文件相同的位置，或作为 Tableau 工作簿恢复（.twbr）文件保存在用户的“我的 Tableau 存储库/工作簿”文件夹中。新工作簿将以名称“Book1”和数字 ID 保存。

Tableau Prep Builder（版本 2020.3.3 及更高版本）会在每次修改流程文件时自动保存该文件。如果发生崩溃或意外关机，恢复的文件版本将存储在用户的“我的 Tableau Prep 存储库/恢复的流”文件夹中，该文件夹与 Tableau 流恢复（.tflr）文件同名。新流将以名称“Flow1”保存。

默认情况下，文件恢复功能处于启用状态。Tableau Desktop 用户可以从“设置和性能”下的“帮助”菜单中打开和关闭此选项，>启用自动保存”。如果要在安装过程中禁用此功能，可以更改属性的设置。在这种情况下，用户将无法使用“启用自动保存”菜单选项。AUTOSAVE

Tableau Prep Builder 用户无法关闭和打开此功能。相反，管理员可以通过更改属性的设置在安装过程中禁用该功能。AUTOSAVE

管理员还可以在安装后为 Tableau Desktop 和 Tableau Prep Builder 关闭此功能。有关详细信息，请参阅关闭文件恢复（链接在新窗口中打开）.